Internalized Pseudomonas Exotoxin A can Exploit Multiple Pathways to Reach the Endoplasmic Reticulum
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Targeting pathways to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane.
The targeting of proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane is the first step in the secretory pathway through which proteins are transported to the outside of the cell, the plasma membrane, and the luminal spaces and membranes of the endomembrane system. Proteins that undergo this targeting event carry a stretch of hydrophobic amino acids, usually at the amino terminus, that constitut...
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Many plant and bacterial toxins act upon cytosolic targets and must therefore penetrate a membrane barrier to function. One such class of toxins enters the cytosol after delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These proteins, which include cholera toxin (CT), Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin A (ETA), and ricin, move from the plasma membrane to the endosomes, pass through the Golgi apparatus,...
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Non-enveloped viruses penetrate host membranes to infect cells. A cell-based assay was used to probe the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-cytosol membrane transport of the non-enveloped SV40. We found that, upon ER arrival, SV40 is released into the lumen and undergoes sequential disulfide bond disruptions to reach the cytosol. However, despite these ER-dependent conformational changes, SV40 cross...
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To investigate the role of the KDEL receptor in the retrieval of protein toxins to the mammalian cell endoplasmic reticulum (ER), lysozyme variants containing AARL or KDEL C-terminal tags, or the human KDEL receptor, have been expressed in toxin-treated COS 7 and HeLa cells. Expression of the lysozyme variants and the KDEL receptor was confirmed by immunofluorescence. When such cells were chall...
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Few endocytosed ligands, including bacterial toxins and simian virus 40 (SV40) have been shown to reach the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in mammalian cells. Using calcein and fluorescently labelled lactoferrin encapsulated in fusogenic liposomes we found that the cargo uses a microtubule-based pathway with ER delivery. Endocytic uptake of the lipid vesicles was cholesterol dependent in all cell l...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Traffic
سال: 2006
ISSN: 1398-9219
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0854.2006.00391.x